Describe an Analysis of Intellectual Property Rights - 2200 Words

Analysis of Intellectual Property and the Impact they have on US Economy (Case Study Sample) Content: Case: Analysis of intellectual property rightsName:Institutional affiliationContents TOC \o "1-3" \h \z \u 1.0 Introduction PAGEREF _Toc467568288 \h 22.0 Forms of intellectual property rights PAGEREF _Toc467568289 \h 32.1 Patent PAGEREF _Toc467568290 \h 32.2Trademark PAGEREF _Toc467568291 \h 42.3Copyright PAGEREF _Toc467568292 \h 53.0Impact of intellectual property rights on the USA economy PAGEREF _Toc467568293 \h 64.0Conclusion and recommendations PAGEREF _Toc467568294 \h 7References PAGEREF _Toc467568295 \h 8ANALYSIS OF INTELECTUAL PROPERTY AND THE IMPACT THEY HAVE ON US ECONOMY.1.0 IntroductionAn intellectual property refers to the creations of the mind. These include inventions, artistic works, literary as well as images and names used in commerce. The intellectual property is divided into two main classifications. One is industrial property which includes patents for industrial designs, trademarks and finally geographical indications. Second is copyright which r efers to all literary works such as poems, plays and novels.It also includes artistic works for example paintings, drawings, sculptures and finally architectural design. Rights that relate to copyright entail those of artists performing their different performances, producing of phonograms in the producers production as well broadcasters in their different television and radio aired programs CITATION Placeholder5 \l 1033 (Reinert, Rajan, Glass, Davis, 2010).The intellectual property rights allow owners or creators of copyrighted work, trademarks or patents to realize benefit from their own original investment or creation in form of inventions. These intellectual property rights are stipulated in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights under Article 27. It provides for the right to realize benefit from protection of material and moral interests derived from being author of literary scientific or artistic inventions or productions.The importance of the protection of intellectual property rights lies behind the fact that the well being of the well being and progress of humankind depends on its ability to invent and create new ideas in the field of culture and technology. The protection of new inventions motivates as well as encouraging commitment in the addition of more resources to fund new inventions and creations. The protection and promotion of intellectual property rights impacts positively on the growth of the economy as it leads to creation of employment opportunities and the enhancement of enjoyment and quality of work CITATION Wil09 \l 1033 (Landers A.Posner, 2009).2.0 Forms of intellectual property rights2.1 PatentA patent right refers to a type of selected right that is granted for the invention of a new product or lets say a process which provides a new or unique way of doing a certain thing. It may also be an invention that gives a new and applicable solution to a disturbing problem. The patent gives the patent owner the protection for their u nique inventions. That kind of protection is provided for a given duration of time which is mostly twenty years.Patents are important to the patent owners in that they provide different kinds of incentives to them by way of recognizing their inventiveness and thereby giving an opportunity for material reward as a result of their unique inventions. The incentives offered motivate more inventions that finally results to the enhancement of quality of humankind.Patent offers protection in that a newly made invention cannot be commercially used, made, sold or distributed without the consent of the patent owner. Mostly patent rights are enforceable in courts of law and the courts have the power to end the infringement of patent. A court also has the ability to announce a patent unacceptable after a winning challenge by another individual.The patent owner carries the right to choose who can or cannot make use of the patented work. This is applicable during the period which the patent is p rotected. Patent owners grant permission to license other parties to make use of their invention under the terms agreed by both parties.2.2TrademarkA trademark refers to distinguishing sign that gives identity to certain services or manufactured by a company or individually by one person. The system of registration trademark helps consumers to recognize and identify the products and services they want to buy based on if that particular product or service has the specific characteristics and specific qualify as shown by the unique trademark associated with it.The protection of trademark makes sure that the owner of the trademark has the restricted right to make use of them in identifying their services or goods or to give the authority to others so that they can be in a position to use the goods or services and in return offer payment to the owners of the trademark. The period that a trademark is in use varies widely though it has the possibility of being renewed, mostly after the pa yment of the required fee. The protection of trademarks is enforceable by the courts. The courts have the ability to stop the undermining of a trademark.Generally trademarks function to promote idea and enterprise globally through the rewarding of the owners by way of recognition and in terms of financial profit. Trademarks prevent the actions of unfair competition for example use of counterfeiters who use same unique sign to market or sell substandard or different kinds of goods and services CITATION Tha11 \l 1033 (Truong Gasper, 2011).A trademark could be a combination of different words or a single word or a combination of letters and numbers. A trademark sometimes may have symbol, drawing or a triple dimensional sign for example a shape and the packaging of goods. A trademark is given to any individual or organization that can verify that their goods and services certify some stipulated standards. Example of widely known certification is the internationally established ISO 900 quality standards as well as the Ecolabels which are used for products that have a reduced impact on the natural environment.2.3CopyrightCopyright refers to the laws that give artists, creators and authors the protection to protect their artistic and literary inventions or generally works. Those who benefit from the rights of copyright include performers for example musicians and actors, producers of compact discs and in sound recording s as well as the broadcasting organizations in their different television and radio programs CITATION Mar14 \l 1033 (Leaffer, 2014).Examples of works covered by copyright are: works of reference, poems, plays, novels, computer programs, adverts in the newspapers, databases, musical compositions, films, drawings, paintings, photographs, maps, sculpture, technical drawings and architecture. The rights are not limited to the above though. Creators of copyright together with their successors and heirs have different basic rights that are covered in the copyright law. The holders of copyright have the special right to make use or authorize other individuals to use their works on the basic agreed terms.The holders of copyright have the ability to authorize or prohibit the following, translation of the work into different languages, adaptation for example in a novel so as to screenplay for a film, the public performance and communication in the general public, its broadcasting and finally the reproduction of work in any form be in the form of printing or sound recording. Many of the works protected under copyright law are in such a way that they call for mass communication, distribution as well as massive financial investment so as for them to successfully reach their targeted clients. For example in publications, films and sound recordings.For this reason the owners of copyrights pass these rights onto big companies that are in a better position to market and develop their works and in return they receive appreciation or compensati on in form of royalties or cash payments.3.0 Impact of intellectual property rights on the USA economyIntellectual property protections do have an effect on commerce generally by giving incentives to create and invent protection of inventors from unauthorized copying, facilitation of specialization in the markets of technology, creation of platforms for financial investments and finally growth by way of acquisitions, IPOs and mergers.On the month of September this year, the department of commerce in USA released a wide-ranging report Intellectual Property and the USA Economy: 2016 Update . This report found out that in...

Comparing The Poor Relations Story by Charles Dickens,...

Comparing The Poor Relations Story by Charles Dickens, Twenty Six Men and a Girl by Maxim Gorky and The Unexpected by Kate Chopin The three stories that I will study are; The poor relations story by Charles Dickens, Twenty six men and a girl by Maxim Gorky and The unexpected by Kate Chopin. The three things do seem to have a thing in present. All the main characters seem to be pressured or are being victimised by their traditional values, and struggle to break free. In the poor relations story, the main character (Michael) is being pressured to live up to his uncle, and families ideas. In twenty six men and a girl the twenty six men are being kept, almost hostage is their pretzel factory. In the†¦show more content†¦People seem to take advantage of him, and he is too weak to become a strong business man. He himself says, I failed in my expectations from my uncle Chill, on account of not being as sharp as he could have wished in worldly matters, Although Michael puts up a front saying he wants to be solitary, he is ecstatic when he finds his wife, and says family occasions are a party for him! It app ears that at the start we are informed of his sad life, but in the middle he starts telling us of how his life suddenly turns exceedingly good! Everything appears to go up and he gets married, has kids, grandkids and appears to be happier then everà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. And when the readers are deeply into the story, comes the twist and we find out it is all a dream t. In twenty six men and a girl, the prison like environment, and the constant abide of living underground pays its toll. They dont ever go out, and unlike Michael, they admit their wretched environment. They say that they live a miserable existence Like Michael however, they need to escape from the hell, but in a mental way. They decide to idolise the pretty 17 year old girl who comes to collect the pretzels everyday. They say, Like all human beings, we were unable to live without worshipping at least something. Until comes a soldier, Who dared to take her from them It came clear to the men their idol

Business Ethics Organizational Governance and CSR

Business Ethics, Organizational Governance, and CSR Living an ethical life rests upon an assumption of both identifying and acting upon the good. If humankind identifies the instrumental means to attain the ultimate good, then consistency and reason should motivate a responsibility to pursue the ethical end. Paralleling the desire for individual good, evaluating the aims and actions of business necessitates developing an organizational ethics system, otherwise the objective pursuit of profits appears as the only prima facie guide. However, in the context of morally questionable business activities and government deregulation, Milton Friedmans famous indictment of corporate social responsibility, that, there is one and only one social responsibility of business to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profits so long as it stays within the rules of the game, which is to say, engages in open and free competition without deception or fraud, emerges unconvincing, although logically consistent. Friedmans singular focus on profits not only implies that all non-shareholders are merely instrumental, but fails to consider the balance of short and long-term strategy. While the simplistic profit motive is convincing in the abstract, this assumes that immediate gains embody contingencies for finite resources and organizational continuity. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) aims to transcend the linear transactional model to embrace a holisticShow MoreRelatedBusiness Ethics And Corporate And Management Strategies Essay876 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction- An Overview It is a viable alternative to apply CSR in Corporate and management strategies to outclass competing companies. An organization by carrying out its ethical principles and convictions in their activities and propagating them via organizational network influences the relationship with shareholders, clients and employees. The application of CSR can lead to social benefits and legitimacy for the firm since it can consider itself as a coalition in which the different stakeholdersRead MoreDefinition Of Corporate Social Responsibility1007 Words   |  5 Pagesresponsibility is similar to the ISO 26000 in addressing the seven principle subjects, organizational governance, human rights, labour practices, the environment, fair operating practices, consumer issues, and community involvement and development. Although, not all issues belonging to these principles were addressed. The strongest attributes of the Rogers CSR definition supported by their 2013 CSR report are organizational governance , fair operating practices, consumer issues, community involvement and developmentRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility1015 Words   |  5 Pagesare giving more attention to develop a CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) and mainly their core values. Core values are used in marketing strategies (Berry, 1999) also in customer-retention management in order to create distinctive, long-lasting relationships with customers (Prahald and Ramaswamy, 2004; Normann, 2001) and stakeholders (Pruzan, 1998; Post et a, 2002). The interaction with a stakeholder and concerns a business operation use to understood CSR as the voluntary integration of environmentalRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility Of The Enron Corporation1124 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction We will look at the Enron Corporation and discuss its application of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) or in actuality its irresponsible behavior as related to social responsibility. We will revisit what CSR is and discuss Enron’s philosophy regarding its use and function within the corporation. We will discuss the consequences of Enron’s irresponsible behavior and the far reaching effects it had on society. Corporate Social Responsibility are actions taken by a corporationRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility ( Csr )1167 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a concept which is also known as corporate citizenship, corporate conscience or in a simple way a responsible business. It is an integrated concept of self-regulatory business model for any organisation. Corporate Social Responsibility has been in practice for more than fifty years now, which has been adopted not only by domestic companies but also by transnational company with voluntary CSR initiatives (Chernev and Blair, 2015). It includesRead MoreEmployee Motivation Is Critical to the Success of an Organization. Discuss How Managers Motivate Their Employees by Using the Herzbergs Motivation-Hygiene Theory. Illustrate Your Answer with Academic Literature Review and Examples.3041 Words   |  13 Pagesgiven a challenge task and initiated the work in his own way, worked according to the instructions issued, and accomplished the task. However, the company did not give him any reward, and also no increasing salary, no recognition because if the organizational policies. These factors would have a negative impact and it would also affect the employee’s motivation. Prevent for dissatisfactions To apply Herzberg’s Motivation-Hygiene Theory, managers need to eliminate the dissatisfactions which theRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility ( Csr )1167 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a concept which is also known as corporate citizenship, corporate conscience or in a simple way a responsible business. It is an integrated concept of self-regulatory business model for any organisation. Corporate Social Responsibility has been in practice for more than fifty years now, which has been adopted not only by domestic companies but also by transnational company with voluntary CSR initiatives (Chernev and Blair, 2015). It includesRead MoreThe Modern Era Of Social Responsibility1523 Words   |  7 Pagesyou wish to see in the world.† This call to action may be challenging but it is not impossible for businesses to implement. Through effort and diligence, corporate and organizational leaders can responsibly serve the global community in which they provide goods and services. Corporate social responsibility, otherwise known as CSR, has been a topic of interest for centuries. However, the modern era of social responsibility didn’t begin until the 1950s when Howerd R. Bowen (often attributed as theRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility : A Business Model And Manager s Ethical Values999 Words   |  4 PagesCorporate social responsibility is an ethics that is concerned with a company’s value towards society (Daft, 44). In the book management Daft states, CSR as essentially a concept under which companies voluntarily contribute towards making a better society and a cleaner environment. The book basically has divided CSR into four subdivisions: economic, legal, ethical and discretionary responsibilities. CSR needs a proper organizational environment to be effective and in such a scenario one can say thatRead MoreEthics and Corporate Social Responsibility in Driving Organizational Success for Multinational Companies in Oil/Mining Industry4540 W ords   |  19 PagesINSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY GRADUATE SCHOOL OF BUSINESS AND LAW ETHICS AND CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY IN DRIVING ORGANIZATIONAL SUCCESS FOR MULTINATIONAL COMPANIES IN OIL/MINING INDUSTRY Submitted in partial fulfillment of the degrees Masters in Business Administration Lecturer: Eileen OLeary 2010 By: Albertus Rendy Buntaran (S3264165) Executive Summary This paper provides a broad definition of ethical behavior and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in the competitive world of oil and mining

Henrik Ibsen s A Doll s House - 2136 Words

In order to effectively portray a realm in which the protagonist is entrapped, Henrick Ibsen must use apparatus to contextualize the social and economical themes that prove instrumental in disabling a womans strength, demoting her to the rank of a mere child or fliting object. The view of a womans role in society has definately developed since that of the industrial revolution therefore allowing a broad analysis of why Nora came to the decision of leaving her husband and children and how Henrik Ibsen was able to effectively portay this. However conclusions cannot be made based on simple surface deductions. as artists and readers we are intrigued with dynamic, deeper meaning and decisions. This essay discusses the ways in which Ibsen employs instruments such as set, symbolism, imagery and stage directions to dramatically express the protagonists entrapment in A Doll s House. The set in A Doll s House proves to be an effective construct in the entrapment of Nora, as an exhibition of the problems of the bourgeois family is assembled in the form of the living room. In naturalism emphasis is placed on the importance of walking and immersing oneself in nature in order to remove limitations and control destiny. Yet we are shown a room that seems to engulf and limit Nora just as her husband does. our attention is directed to a window rarely looked through, a stove for the apparent use of keeping the audiences mind on the fact that Nora is in fact a mother and wife, foundShow MoreRelatedHenrik Ibsen s A Doll House1563 Words   |  7 Pages In the play, A Doll House by Henrik Ibsen, the title itself symbolizes the dependent and degraded role of the wife within traditional marriages. Ibsen portrayed the generous nature root into women by society, as well as the significant action of this nature, and lastly the need for them to find their own voice in a world ruled by men. Ibsen wrote this play in 1879, this is the era where women were obedient to men, tend the children until their husband came home, and stood by the Cult of DomesticityRead MoreA Doll s House By Henrik Ibsen1717 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"A Doll, a Partner, and a Change† Social movement of women liberation toward equal rights and independence has been a big subject in human history. It happens not only in Europe but also all over the world. Though making progress, this movement has been advancing slowly and encountered backslashes from time to time. Maybe there is something deeply hidden which the society has not figured out yet, even women themselves. What do women want, freedom or good life? Most of the time, they are notRead MoreA Doll s House By Henrik Ibsen1291 Words   |  6 Pages A Doll s House by Henrik Ibsen, is a play that has been written to withstand all time. In this play Ibsen highlights the importance of women’s rights. During the time period of the play these rights were neglected. Ibsen depicts the role of the woman was to stay at home, raise the children and attend to her husband during the 19th century. Nora is the woman in A Doll House who plays is portrayed as a victim. Michael Meyers said of Henrik Ibsen s plays: The common denominator in many of IbsenRead MoreA Doll s House By Henrik Ibsen1288 Words   |  6 Pages Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House is based in the Victorian society of the 19th century. It assesses the many struggles and hardships that women faced because of marriage â€Å"laws† that were crucial during that time period. The society was male- dominated with no equality. 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The premise of the drama is how women worry over trifles, and the dismissiveRead MoreA Doll s House By Henrik Ibsen1421 Words   |  6 PagesIn A Doll’s House, Henrik Ibsen examines conventional roles of men and women in the nineteenth century. In the play, Nora exemplifies the conventional feminine standard during that period. She seems to be powerless and confines herself through high standard expectations, demonstrating what the role of a women would be as a wife and mother. The protagonist of A Doll’s House is a woman named Nora Helmer. Ibsen shows how Nora’s design of perfect life gradually transforms when her sec ret unravels. InRead MoreHenrik Ibsen s A Doll House Essay1501 Words   |  7 PagesHenrik Ibsen’s play â€Å"A Doll House† was set in the Victorian era, a time where women were highly respected. Women in this time period did not work, they had nannies to take care of their children and maids to take care of their homes. Many women had no real responsibilities, they spent their time having tea parties and socializing with their friends. Henrik Ibsen dared to show the realism of the Victorian era while everyone else would only focus on the romantic aspect. In the play, â€Å"A Doll House†Read MoreA Doll s House By Henrik Ibsen876 Words   |  4 PagesA Doll’s House by Henrik Ibsen A Doll’s House takes place in the home of Torvald and Nora Helmer. Through conversation with Nora’s good friend Kristine Linde it is revealed that Mr. Helmer was ill around the same time Nora’s father died. Luckily Nora’s father left her enough money that Torvald and Nora could go on a life saving trip to Italy. But the truth comes out when we find out Nora’s father did not leave her a penny. We find out that Nora got a hold of the money through a loan but she signed

The Four Functions of Management - 946 Words

There are four functions of management that allow any organization to handle the tactical, planned and set decisions. The four basic functions of management are planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. The four basic functions of management are just to have a controlled plan over the preventive measure. The functions of management define the process of management as diverse from accounting, finance, marketing, and other business functions. These functions provide a useful way of classifying information about management. The base function is to Plan, which is the foundation of management. It is the base upon which the all the areas of management should be built. Planning is the ongoing process of developing the business mission and†¦show more content†¦And this can be done only with successful communication. Understanding the communication process and working on the area that needs improvement, helps managers to become more valuable communicators. The best technique of finding the areas that need improvement is to ask themselves and others at regular times, how well they are doing. This leads to better relationship and helps the managers for better directing plans. Controlling is the last of four functions of management, involves ensuring that performance does not stray from standards. Controlling consists of three steps, which include establishing performance standards, comparing actual performance against standards, and taking corrective action when necessary. Performance standards are often stated in monetary terms such as revenue, costs, or profits, but may also be stated in other terms, such as units produced, number of defective products, or levels of customer service. The measurement of performance can be done in several ways, depending on the performance standards, including financial statements, sales reports, production results, customer satisfaction, and formal performance appraisals. Managers at all levels engage in the managerial function of controlling to some degree. Effective controlling requires the existence of plans, since planning provides the necessary performance standards or goals. Controlling also requires a clear understanding of whereShow MoreRelatedThe Four Function of Management1063 Words   |  5 PagesAbstract I will be providing an overview of the four functions of management and how it relates to the agency I am currently employed with, the South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control (SC DHEC). Based on what I have read in Management: The New Competitive Landscape (2004) I find that my agency is typical in many ways. We have multiple layers of management: 1. SC DHEC Director a. Assistant Agency Director i. Region 1 Health Director 1. Region 1 Administrator a. RegionRead MoreThe Four Functions Of Management1314 Words   |  6 Pagesimportant. It primarily highlights the four functions of management; planning, leading, organizing, and controlling. Secondly, it discusses the characteristics of a successful manager. Finally, relates the necessary skills for a competent manager; technical skills, human skills, and conceptual skills. Group Consensus The first of the three most important concepts are the Four Functions of Management. Under this concept the four functions of management contain four objectives which are leading, planningRead MoreFour Functions of Management990 Words   |  4 PagesRunning head: FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT Functions of Management Functions of Management Week one of University of Phoenix course, bachelor of science in human services (BSHS) 330, Management Theory, Practice and Application, introduces the topics for weeks two through five by providing an overview of the functions of management. The functions being studied in BSHS 330 are planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. Definitions of these four functions will be discussed and relevance ofRead MoreThe Four Functions Of Management969 Words   |  4 PagesThe four functions of management can be a vital roadmap in developing a quality structure in which to succeed. Most of us are pursuing a greater interest, whether it be education, a trip or perhaps some other type of leadership role in their lives. The purpose of these interests is usually for self-improvement. These choices will involve some type of planning, organization, leading and of course some type of control (Bateman Snell, 2013). Our ability to succeed in these tasks can depend on ourRead MoreFour Functions of Management1069 Words   |  5 PagesThere are four functions that a manager must be able to do in order to run a successful company; planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. Each of these elements is equally important. If even one of these elements is looked over the management process is incomplete and a mangers effectiveness and efficiency will diminish. The business world of today is drastically different than that of years before, most importantly because of the advancements of technology. Even though the daily tasks thatRead MoreThe Four Functions of Management1661 Words   |  7 PagesThe Four Functions of Management Management is the process of working with other and capital to achieve organizational goals. Also management is defining as creative problem solving. This creative problem solving is accomplished through the four functions of management: planning, organizing, leading and controlling. The intended result is the use of an organization s resources in a way that finish its mission and objectives. Every good manager, supervisor or leader does those tings both effectivelyRead MoreFour Function of Management3027 Words   |  13 PagesAssignment 2: The effects of internal and external factors on four functions of management Introduction: In the world of management, there are many internal and external factors that affect the effectiveness and efficiency of management. For a management job, a manager has missions to deal with the following functions: Planning, organizing, influencing, and controlling. Hence, it is crucial for any managers to understand those factors clearly and comprehensively to conduct their jobs with expectedRead MoreFour Principles Of Management : The Four Functions Of Management937 Words   |  4 Pages The Four Functions of Management There are four functions of management: planning, organizing, leading and controlling. The four basic principles of management found in all businesses and corporations. Management is a process designed to achieve an organizations objectives by using its resources effectively and efficiently in a changing environment. Planning the process of determining the organizations objectives and deciding how to accomplish them. The planning of a business includesRead More4 Four Functions of Management1180 Words   |  5 PagesManagement Four Functions Rosa L. Flores University of Phoenix Management: Theory, Practice, and Application/ Mgt 330 Kennett Baca December 20, 2008 Management Four Functions This paper will define the four basic functions of management; planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. This paper will also describe how these were applied in my worksplace. Management definitively has more functions than just the four mentioned above. The four that will be discussed in this paper are the fourRead More The Four Functions of Management Essay1566 Words   |  7 PagesThe Four Functions of Management One would be amazed to hear that 48 million customers are served everyday in 119 countries at a McDonald?s and as of 2004 there were 31,561 system-wide restaurants (2005 fact sheet). Being enrolled in a management course, one automatically begins to think about how many managers there must be in place to manage all those locations. Though McDonald?s is a franchise and all restaurants are individually owned, the four functions of management are still important

Research Writing Exercise Planner

Introduction It is not necessary that a crime can only take place outside the protection of the home. In fact a large number of crimes take place in the home also. There is a wide variety of crimes that take place in the home. These include domestic violence, spousal abuse, family violence, intimate partner violence and battering. It is a pattern of behavior which violence or other type of abuse is involved against another person in domestic context. For example, intimate partner violence is the domestic violence that is connected by a spouse or a partner in intimate relationship. At the same time, domestic violence can also be presenting case of a heterosexual relationship for a same sex relationship. At the same time, domestic violence can be present in several different forms like physical, verbal, emotional, sexual or economic abuse. Similarly, domestic violence can be subtle or coercive in nature and it can go up to violent physical abuse that causes disfigurement or death (Macdonald, 2007). At the same time, domestic violence is also a violation of the human rights of individuals. In this way, it causes fear or physical or psychological harm to the victim. Generally it includes violent, abusive and intimidating behavior of a man against a woman. However, this type of violence in the home has significant impact on the children and the young people and as a result, it may constitute child abuse (Boyd, 2011). A crime in the home may take place in several different forms. For example it may include physical assault, sexual assault, emotional abuse, verbal abuse, social abuse, damaging property and financial abuse. In this regard it needs to be noted that physical and sexual abuse is a crime regardless of the fact that it has taken place in the street or in the home. It has been seen throughout the world are generally the wife or the female partner is the victim of the violence in the home, although the victim of such a crime can also be the male partner. In some cases, it has also been seen that both the partners in a relationship have engaged in abusive or violent behavior. Sometimes, the victim of such a crime may also act in retaliation or self-defense. While the woman who have to face domestic violence are encouraged to report such violence to the authorities throughout the developed world, it has been seen that most of the cases including domestic violence against men are not reported due to the social pressure that is present against such reporting. There is a social stigma attached with the reporting of domestic violence by men. Generally the domestic violence takes place because it is believed by the abuser that such an abuse is justified and acceptable. At the same time, the awareness, definition and perception regarding domestic violence is also different in various countries (Kay and Jeffries, 2010). At the same time, due to the private nature of the relationships within which such violence takes place and also due to the fact that most of the cases involving domestic violence are not reported, it is very difficult to measure the extent of the problem. However, it cannot be denied that the problem of domestic violence is widespread in Australia. In this regard it also needs to be noted that women are more likely to be killed in their home by their male partner than anywhere else or by someone else. It is also a fact that most of the incidents of domestic violence are not reported to the police. In the same way, the incidents of domestic violence are much less reported to the police when the perpetrator of such a crime is the present partner. Whatever information is present in this regard has been provided by the surveys that include the Personal Safety Survey conducted by the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) and also the survey conducted by the Australian component of Intern ational Violence against Women Survey (ABS, 2011). In this regard, the ABS Personal Safety Survey gave vital information regarding the safety of the people at home and also in the community and particularly regarding the nature and extent of the violence against people in their homes. In this regard, information was collected with the help of personal interviews. This survey updated information regarding the experiences of the women related with violence in the home as well as such experiences of the men (ABS, 2011). Risk factors Although, there is no single cause that can be attributed to domestic violence, there are several risk factors that are related with the perpetrators and victims of domestic violence. An example in this regard can be given of the alcohol and drug use by the perpetrators as well as the victim's experience of child abuse. Such factors increase the risk of violence at home. In the same way, factors like personal stress, financial stress and the lack of social support are also related with the violence against women in the home. However, further research needs to be conducted in order to determine how these factors act as the primary causes of the consequences of violence against women. Alcohol has been cited as a major risk factor for domestic violence, particularly in case of the indigenous communities. At the most serious end, there are the cases involving intimate partner homicides that are related with alcohol (Kay and Jeffries, 2010). It is also been suggested by studies that the women who have faced abuse in childhood were at a higher risk of experiencing domestic violence as compared to the woman who have not faced child abuse. There are other kinds of vulnerability like separation and pregnancy during which women are particularly vulnerable to domestic violence. A large number of women have reported incidents of domestic violence particularly during their pregnancy (Nancarrow, Lockie and Sharma, 2009). At the same time, attitudes and beliefs also play an important role in domestic violence. They have an impact on the prevalence of domestic violence and also shape the response of the community as well as the health seeking behavior of the victims. There are only a few people who understand why women continue to live in violent relationships. At the same time, it is believed by some people that domestic violence can be excused if the perpetrator of such violence became so angry that he temporarily lost control. At the same time, it has also been seen that there are many people who believe that the incidence of domestic violence should be excused if the perpetrator is ready to regret what was done by him. In this regard, it has also been seen that being male and having low level of support for gender equality were among the strongest predictors for having violence supporting attitude (Powell and Murray, 2008). Conclusion Guidelines have been produced by researchers in Australia regarding best practices involved in sexual assault prevention with the help of education and stressing upon the significance of coherent, conceptual framework, effective evaluation, culturally sensitive practice and comprehensive development. A relatively new model in this regard is the safe at home programs that have emerged as a part of integrated, multiagency approach. It is assumed by this model that the perpetrators of violence need to be held accountable for their actions and should be removed from the family home so that the women and children can stay in the family home. Therefore, there are laws present in all jurisdictions of Australia under which, exclusion orders as a condition of domestic violence others which allow the person seeking protection from domestic violence to remain in family home to be made and the perpetrator of such violence has to seek other accommodation. It is considered that when women are supp orted to remain in their homes and communities, they are in a better position to maintain social support networks, educational and employment opportunities and stability of care for their children and all these factors help the woman in their recovery (Powell and Murray, 2008). However, it needs to be noted in this regard that the safe at home programs are not suitable for women and children who are at an extreme risk of violence from their family members or partners. However, the victims who are able to remain in their homes, the risk management options are required to use integrated, multiagency response. In the same way, it has also been seen that enhanced police response also serves as a deterrent in case of some perpetrators of violence at home and it also increases the chances of detection and prosecution of such cases of violence. As a result of these measures, women and children may experience an increased feelings of safety as well as the additional level of support allows them to remain in their home and within their community. Therefore, domestic violence is a long-standing and complex should so the issue. However there has been significant transformation in public awareness related with this problem. References A Powell and S Murray, 2008, Children and domestic violence: constructing a policy problem in Australia and New Zealand, Social Legal Studies, vol. 17, no. 4 ABS, 2011, Gender indicators, Australia, July 2011, cat. no. 4125.0, ABS, Canberra Boyd, 2011, The impacts of sexual assault on women, Australian Centre for the Study of Sexual Assault (ACSSA) resource sheet, April 2011, AIFS, Melbourne H Nancarrow, S Lockie and S Sharma, 2009 'Intimate partner abuse of women in a central Queensland mining region', Trends and Issues in Crime and Criminal Justice, no. 378 M Kay and S Jeffries, 2010 Homophobia, heteronormativism and hegemonic masculinity: male same-sex intimate violence from the perspective of Brisbane service providers, Psychiatry, Psychology and Law, vol. 17 no. 3 Macdonald A 2007, Women and children experiencing family violence are the face of homelessness. Parity 20(5)

Reflection to music and human body Essay Example For Students

Reflection to music and human body Essay First, the volume of sound we hear depends on the amplitude of sound wave we receive. There are two factors, namely distance from the sound source and the path sound travels. Absorption occurs when sound travels in the air as well as hits on every object, which leads to reduction of wave amplitude same with the amount of absorption. In short, farer we are from the source, sound deteriorates more; more reflection occurs, more extent in which the volume decreases due to objects hit and distance traveled. That is why there are more speakers behind the balcony seats than the back side than the front in theatres and halls: direct sound from the stage is much weaker where listeners stay far from the stage. Humans, especially the ones who love music much, demand great quality of music. We build theatres and music rooms of special shape to allow better enjoyment of music: we produce high-technology well-designed headphones to allow best transmittance of music to our auditory system, we develop portable music devices such as MPH and pod to allow music experience at anytime. But why does everybody incline to music so much that we do such many things to improve our music enjoyment? Researchers have yet to find out the reason. But according to investigations and studies humans have done till now, it has been discovered that he regions in brain that are activated by music are more or less the same as those linked to other blissful stimuli such as sex, food and drugs. Blood flow in the brain bounces to swells of music in areas linked with emotion, reward and arousal. Our body and emotion can easily be initiated by music, no matter what type it is. The relationship between body and mind has been studying and discussing over centuries. Humans have an innate to engage with music. Music influences human secretly that many of us have our emotion and feeling changed before noticing that it is due to the surrounding rhythms. When hearing strong beats, we feel like our heart is fiercely beating with them as if something invisible is hitting it; our skin is likely to bob like a float in the sea as if thousands of tiny droplets are dropping on our body; our necks and shoulders move naturally to present the beats with their movement. When listening to melodious rhythmical flow, our index and middle fingers move like ballet dancers; our muscles are relaxed and our eyes tend to close slowly; our whole body is immersed into the comfortable and relaxing atmosphere. Humans sensation to music is very fine but strong. All of the reactions are so reflex and natural that we Reflection to music and human body By Kong-Sang every human being. People feel Joyful and pictures beautiful images under the influence of light-hearted pop songs; feel warmed because of soft slow classic love songs; feel excited when listening to arousing National Anthem. Actually, our emotion changes follow two factors: the melody itself and the message it transmits. Actually, after realizing that our emotion is tightly bonded with music, we can apply music on our daily life such as emotion regulation or even disease healing. For instance, positive and happy earmarks reduce anger or cheer one up in the presence of depression. According to an experiment performed by McNally-Agony, a psychologist from the University of Montreal, people are likely to report having more positive affection after an armor has struck than they had before. .u60db106cc086a143b290b3c2bb02c1be , .u60db106cc086a143b290b3c2bb02c1be .postImageUrl , .u60db106cc086a143b290b3c2bb02c1be .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u60db106cc086a143b290b3c2bb02c1be , .u60db106cc086a143b290b3c2bb02c1be:hover , .u60db106cc086a143b290b3c2bb02c1be:visited , .u60db106cc086a143b290b3c2bb02c1be:active { border:0!important; } .u60db106cc086a143b290b3c2bb02c1be .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u60db106cc086a143b290b3c2bb02c1be { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u60db106cc086a143b290b3c2bb02c1be:active , .u60db106cc086a143b290b3c2bb02c1be:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u60db106cc086a143b290b3c2bb02c1be .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u60db106cc086a143b290b3c2bb02c1be .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u60db106cc086a143b290b3c2bb02c1be .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u60db106cc086a143b290b3c2bb02c1be .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u60db106cc086a143b290b3c2bb02c1be:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u60db106cc086a143b290b3c2bb02c1be .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u60db106cc086a143b290b3c2bb02c1be .u60db106cc086a143b290b3c2bb02c1be-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u60db106cc086a143b290b3c2bb02c1be:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Music and Teenagers EssayRegarding healing diseases, music functions well and has been being used in plenty of areas. As an example, music therapy helps children with attention, communication and abnormal behavior. There are often various kinds of musical instrument in a therapy room, in which the patients can find one that they are able to adapt to. The therapist either plays a guitar or piano to keep the surrounding peaceful and comfortable. It is reported that music with Joy can effectively deal with mood disorders. Apart from mental problems, appropriate music can also help with physical diseases. One common example would be performance of rhythms in curing heart disease. Some music reduce heart rate and blood pressure in humans. For patients with coronary heart disease, this would be a great benefit. But as the impacts on different patients are not exactly the same, this healing method has not been commonly used in hospitals yet.